Submissions

Author Guidelines

Authors are invited to make a submission to this journal. All submissions will be assessed by an editor to determine whether they meet the aims and scope of this journal. Those considered to be a good fit will be sent for peer review before determining whether they will be accepted or rejected.

Before making a submission, authors are responsible for obtaining permission to publish any material included with the submission, such as photos, documents and datasets. All authors identified on the submission must consent to be identified as an author. Where appropriate, research should be approved by an appropriate ethics committee in accordance with the legal requirements of the study's country.

An editor may desk reject a submission if it does not meet minimum standards of quality. Before submitting, please ensure that the study design and research argument are structured and articulated properly. The title should be concise and the abstract should be able to stand on its own. This will increase the likelihood of reviewers agreeing to review the paper. When you're satisfied that your submission meets this standard, please follow the checklist below to prepare your submission.

General Submission Requirements
Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts:

• Are written in clear and grammatically correct English.
• Have not been previously published in any form.
• Are not simultaneously submitted to another journal.
• Comply with ethical standards relevant to the study.
• Are submitted through the journal's Online Journal System (OJS)

Manuscript Format
The manuscript document must be submitted in the following general format:

• File format: Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx)
• Paper size: Letter (8.5 x 11 inches)
• Margins: 1 inch (2.54 cm) on all sides
• Font: Times New Roman, 12-point
• Line spacing: Double-spaced (except for Tables)
• Alignment: Justified
• Page numbering: Consecutive page numbers at the bottom center or bottom right

Manuscript Structure

The manuscript must be structured as follows: Title Page, Abstract, Keywords, Main Text, Declarations, References
Title Page
The title page should contain:

• Title of the manuscript
• Full name(s) of author(s)
• Institutional affiliation(s)
• ORCID ID(s) (if available)
• Corresponding author's name and email address

Abstract
Provide a structured abstract of 150–250 words summarizing:

• Background
• Objectives
• Methods
• Results
• Conclusions

Keywords
Include three to five keywords immediately following the abstract.

Main Text
The manuscript should generally contain:

For Quantitative Studies

• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Conclusions
• Recommendations (if applicable)

For Qualitative Studies

• Introduction
• Methods
• Findings/Results
• Discussion
• Conclusions

For Review Articles

• Introduction
• Review Methodology (if applicable)
• Main Review Sections
• Discussion
• Conclusions

Tables and Figures

• Tables and figures must be numbered consecutively in the order cited.
• Tables are placed after being cited in the text.
• Each table and figure should have a clear and concise title.
• Sources must be acknowledged where applicable.
• Images should be of high resolution (minimum 300 dpi).
• Avoid duplicating information presented in both tables and figures.

Examples:
Table 1. Demographic Characteristics of Respondents
Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

Declaration Section
All manuscripts must include a Declaration Section immediately following the Conclusion and preceding the References. This section promotes transparency, accountability, and adherence to ethical publishing standards. The Declaration Section must contain the following subsections:

Acknowledgements
Authors should acknowledge individuals, institutions, organizations, or agencies that provided technical, administrative, financial, or other forms of assistance to the study but do not meet the criteria for authorship.
Example: The authors would like to thank the University Research Office for its support in the conduct of this study.

Conflict of Interest Statement
Authors must disclose any financial, professional, institutional, or personal relationships that could be perceived as influencing the research or its interpretation.
Example: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding Statement
Authors must identify all sources of financial support received for the conduct of the study.
Example: This research was funded by the University Research Office under Grant No. XXXX.
If no funding was received: This research received no external funding.

Author Contribution Statement
Authors must clearly describe the contributions of each author to the work. The use of the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) framework is encouraged.
Example:
Author A: Conceptualization, methodology, data analysis, manuscript preparation.
Author B: Data collection, validation, manuscript review and editing.
Author C: Supervision, project administration, final approval of the manuscript.

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) Declaration
Authors must disclose the use of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools, including but not limited to text generation, language editing, coding assistance, image generation, or data analysis support, during the preparation of the manuscript.
Example (if GenAI was used): The authors used [name of AI tool] for language editing and manuscript refinement. All generated content was reviewed, verified, and approved by the authors, who assume full responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the manuscript.
Example (if no GenAI was used): The authors declare that no generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools were used in the preparation of this manuscript.

Ethics Statement
For studies involving human participants, animals, biological materials, or sensitive data, authors must provide information regarding ethical approval and informed consent.
Example: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Committee of [Institution Name] (Approval No. XXXX). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection.
If ethical approval was not required: Ethical approval was not required for this study in accordance with institutional and national guidelines.
Note: Manuscripts submitted without a complete Declaration Section may be returned to the authors for revision prior to peer review.

Citations and References
To promote consistency and accuracy in scholarly citations, authors are encouraged to prepare their references using recognized reference management applications, including Zotero, Mendeley, EndNote, or equivalent software configured to the APA 7th Edition citation style. Authors are expected to review all automatically generated citations and references to ensure compliance with the journal's formatting standards.
Reference List

• The reference list should:
• Begin on a separate page.
• Be arranged alphabetically by the surname of the first author.
• Use hanging indentation (0.5 inch).
• Include only sources cited in the manuscript.
• Preferably include Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) whenever available.

All submissions are screened using plagiarism-detection software.

Manuscripts exhibiting plagiarism, self-plagiarism, or improper citation practices will be rejected.
Authors are responsible for ensuring the originality of their work and proper attribution of all sources.

Data Availability Statement
Authors are encouraged to provide a statement regarding the availability of data supporting the findings of the study. This should be included in the Declarations Section of the manuscript text.
Example:
The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.